ROTATING SPACE HABITATS - PROPOSED & IMAGINED
"Compared to the largest megastructures, the smaller ones are little more than a torus attraction." -TPB
For diameter d in meters, habitat populations scale very roughly as: d2 / 50
DIAMETER SPIN YEAR DETAILS
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SPACE STATIONS - Up to hundreds of humans
4m x 1998 ISS
7m x 1973 Skylab
7m x 2016 Bigelow B330
12m x 1964 Discovery One - 2001: A Space Odyssey (film)
13m x 2019 Bigelow BA2100
15m 6s 1974 Baseline L5
30m 9s 1903 Konstantin Tsiolkovsky - 1st spinning habitat proposal
76m 12s 1956 Von Braun Station
100m 14s Hail Mary - Project Hail Mary
110m 15s 2016 Kalpana Two
190m 19s 2015 Gateway Von Braun
200m 20s 1974 O'Neill C1
260m 23s 1979 Drax Station - Moonraker (film)
300m 25s Space Station V - 2001
KILOSTRUCTURES - TORUS-LIKE - Thousands of humans
458m x 1966 Enterprise (saucer) - Star Trek (TV/films)
500m 32s 2006 Kalpana One
512m 32s 1976 O'Neill Island 1 - The High Frontier (book)
537m x 2003 Galactica - Battlestar Galactica (TV)
640m 36s 1974 O'Neill C2
840m 41s 1993 B5 Station - Babylon 5 (TV)
1.0km 45s Min diameter for human ear comfort.
1.6km 26s 2014 Cooper Station - Interstellar (film)
1.6km 57s 1976 O'Neill Island 2
1.8km 60s 1975 Stanford Torus
MEGASTRUCTURES - CYLINDER-LIKE - Millions of humans
2.0km 63s 1974 O'Neill C3
2.9km 76s 2024 Parispiral I 50 mile river-valley. [TBA]
5.7km 107s 2024 Parispiral II 100 mile river-valley. [TBA]
6.0km x Max diameter for passive transit.
6.4km 1.9m 1974 O'Neill C4
8.0km 2.1m 1976 O'Neill Island 3 - The High Frontier (book)
10km x Tensile limit of steel.
16km 3.0m 1929 Bernal Sphere
18km 3.3m 1973 Rama - Rendezvous with Rama (book)
60km 5.8m 2013 Elysium Station - Elysium (film)
100km x Tensile limit of carbon.
120km x 1976 Death Star I Star Wars IV "That's no moon"
160km x 1983 Death Star II Star Wars VI "It's a trap"
180km 10m Heaven's River (The Bobiverse)
GIGASTRUCTURES - RINGS - Billions of humans
920km 23m 2000 McKendree cylinder
940km x Ceres (The Expanse)
2Kkm 33m 1997 Bishop Ring
10Kkm 1.2h 2001 Halo Neoteric - Halo (game)
13Kkm x Earth. You are here. Probably.
30Kkm 2.2h 2001 Halo Senescent - Halo (game)
140Kkm x Jupiter
3.7Mkm 1.0d 1987 Vavatch - The Culture (book)
2.0AU 9.0d 1970 Niven Ring - Known Space